Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioactive-coated porous anastomotic staples enhance anastomotic healing

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.005

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the a) preparation and application of Ti-OH-ePV; b) VEGF release of Ti-OH-ePV under different pH conditions; c) anastomotic healing performance with Ti and Ti-OH-ePV; d) healing-promotion mechanism of Ti-OH-ePV.

Article Snippet: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein was supplied by MedChemExpress LLC (USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioactive-coated porous anastomotic staples enhance anastomotic healing

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.005

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structure characterization of Ti-OH-ePV. a) SEM images of Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV (scale bars: 1 μm); b) Elemental mapping of Ti-OH-ePV; c) CV test of DA and VEGF solution under a nitrogen atmosphere; d) AFM height images of Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; e) Surface Sa (arithmetic mean height) via AFM of Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; f) Water contact angle of Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; g) FTIR spectra of Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; h) Tensile testing of the Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; i) Single anastomotic staple tensile strength testing of the Ti, Ti-OH, and Ti-OH-ePV; j) VEGF release profiles of the Ti-OH-ePV, Ti-ePV, and Ti-OH-PV in buffer solutions at pH = 7.4; k) VEGF release profiles of the Ti-OH-ePV, Ti-ePV, and Ti-OH-PV in buffer solutions at pH = 6.5; n = 3; ns = not significant, ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein was supplied by MedChemExpress LLC (USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioactive-coated porous anastomotic staples enhance anastomotic healing

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.005

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) The procedure of gastrointestinal anastomosis in New Zealand rabbit; b) Immumohistochemical staining images of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 at the anastomotic stoma on day 3 for Ti, Ti-OH, Ti-OH-ePDA (PDA-only), and Ti-OH-ePV (VEGF-loaded PDA) groups (scale bar: 25 μm); c) Statistical analysis of IL-6 expression in different groups; d) Statistical analysis of TNF-α expression in different groups; e) Statistical analysis of TGF-β expression in different groups; f) Statistical analysis of IL-10 expression in different groups; n = 3; ns = not significant, ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein was supplied by MedChemExpress LLC (USA).

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioactive-coated porous anastomotic staples enhance anastomotic healing

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.005

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Immumohistochemical staining images of CD31 on day 7 at the anastomotic stoma for Ti, Ti-OH, Ti-OH-ePDA (PDA-only), and Ti-OH-ePV (VEGF-loaded PDA) groups (scale bar: 25 μm); b) Masson staining images on day 14 at the anastomotic stoma for Ti, Ti-OH, Ti-OH-ePDA (PDA-only), and Ti-OH-ePV (VEGF-loaded PDA) groups (scale bar: 20 μm); c) H&E staining images on day 14 at the anastomotic stoma for Ti, Ti-OH, Ti-OH-ePDA (PDA-only), and Ti-OH-ePV (VEGF-loaded PDA) groups; d) Statistical analysis for the number of blood vessels in different groups; e) Statistical analysis of collagen expression in different groups; f) Statistical analysis of bursting pressure on days 7, and 14 in different groups; g) Statistical analysis of WBC on days pre-1, 3, 7, and 14 in different groups; h) Statistical analysis of APTT on days pre-1, 3, 7, and 14 in different groups; i) Statistical analysis of ALT on days pre-1, 3, 7, and 14 in different groups; n = 3; ns = not significant, ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein was supplied by MedChemExpress LLC (USA).

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

Journal: Bone & Joint Research

Article Title: OX40L in endothelial cells promotes temporomandibular joint subchondral bone angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in mice

doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.154.BJR-2025-0249.R1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Abnormal activation of OX40L in endothelial cells can promote angiogenesis and osteoclast induction. Human bone microvascular endothelial cells were pretreated with KY1005 for six hours, followed by treatment with sOX40 for 48 hours. a) Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). b) Detection of VEGF protein expression using western blotting. c) Representative images of endothelial cell scratch experiments. Scale bar: 100 µm. d) Representative images of endothelial cell tubule formation experiments. Scale bar: 100 µm. e) Representative image of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining after endothelial cells were co-cultured with RAW264.7 cells. Scale bar: 50 µm. f) Bone resorption pits were shown by scanning electron microscopy. Scale bar: 500 nm.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (Beyotime) and incubated overnight at 4°C with specific primary antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (1:1,000; Cat# 19003-1-AP, Proteintech, China) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (1:2,000; Cat# 60004-1-Ig, Clone 1E6D9, Proteintech).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Gene Expression, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Western Blot, Staining, Cell Culture, Electron Microscopy

Journal: Bone & Joint Research

Article Title: OX40L in endothelial cells promotes temporomandibular joint subchondral bone angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in mice

doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.154.BJR-2025-0249.R1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Statistical analysis of VEGF protein expression levels. b) Statistical analysis of mobility in scratch experiments. c) and d) Statistical analysis of lumen number and main branch length in tubule formation experiments. e) to h) Detection of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) secretion in endothelial cell supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). i) Statistical analysis of resorption areas. Data are presented as the mean (SD) (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (Beyotime) and incubated overnight at 4°C with specific primary antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (1:1,000; Cat# 19003-1-AP, Proteintech, China) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (1:2,000; Cat# 60004-1-Ig, Clone 1E6D9, Proteintech).

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: World Journal of Gastroenterology

Article Title: Evaluation of a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet-induced mouse model in a comparative experimental study of portal hypertension

doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i9.114207

Figure Lengend Snippet: The 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet induces abnormal proliferation of intrahepatic vascular structures and extrahepatic portosystemic shunting. A: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, cluster of differentiation 31, and vascular endothelial growth factor A in mouse livers; B-J: Statistical analysis of positive staining areas from IHC results; K-M: Hematoxylin-eosin staining of mesenteric tissues. Sample sizes ( n ): 8:8 (normal chow diet vs 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine), 8:7 (sham vs bile duct ligation), and 8:7:8 (oil vs 8-week carbon tetrachloride vs 12-week carbon tetrachloride). b P < 0.01. c P < 0.001. NS: No significant; NCD: Normal chow diet; DDC: 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine; BDL: Bile duct ligation; CCl 4 : Carbon tetrachloride; CD: Cluster of differentiation; VEGFR2: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2; VEGF-A: Vascular endothelial growth factor A.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies against collagen 1 (1:2500, catalog No. 67288-1-Ig, Proteintech), α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) (1:200, catalog No. ab5694, Abcam), desmin (1:4000, catalog No. 16520-1-AP, Proteintech), lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LyVE-1) (1:100, catalog No. ab219556, Abcam), cluster of differentiation (CD) 34 (1:1000, catalog No. 14486-1-AP, Proteintech), von Willebrand factor (vWF) (1:200, catalog No. 27186-1-AP, Proteintech), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) (1:150, catalog No. ab2349, Abcam), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) (1:100, catalog No. ab52917, Abcam), and CD31 (1:5000, catalog No. 11265-1-AP, Proteintech) were applied overnight at 4 °C, followed by 60-minute incubation with secondary antibodies at room temperature.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Ligation